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- Repent: Matthew 4:17
- Rejoice: Matthew 5:11–12
- Let Your Light Shine: Matthew 5:16
- Be Righteous: Matthew 5:20
- Be Reconciled: Matthew 5:23 – 24
- Settle Matters Quickly: Matthew 5:25
- Don’t Lust: Matthew 5:28
- Don’t Divorce Except for Infidelity: Matthew 5:31 – 32
- Keep Your Word: Matthew 5:37
- Turn the Other Cheek: Matthew 5:39
- Go the Extra Mile: Matthew 5:40 – 42
- Love Your Enemies; Pray for Those Who Persecute You: Matthew 5:44
- Be Perfect: Matthew 5:48
- Practice Secret Disciplines: Matthew 6:1
- Pray: Matthew 6:5 – 8
- Forgive: Matthew 6:14 – 15
- Fast: Matthew 6:16 – 18
- Store up Treasures in Heaven: Matthew 6:19 – 24
- Don’t Worry: Matthew 6:28
- Seek His Kingdom First: Matthew 6:33
- Don’t Judge: Matthew 7:1- 2
- Don’t Cast Pearls: Matthew 7:6
- Ask, Seek and Knock: Matthew 7:7 – 8
- Live the Golden Rule: Matthew 7:12
- Enter Through the Narrow Gate: Matthew 7:13 – 14
- Watch Out for False Teachers: Matthew 7:15
- Pray for Workers: Matthew 9:37
- Be Shrewd: Matthew 10:16
- Be Afraid About the Right Things: Matthew 10:28
- Hear God’s Voice: Matthew 11:15
- Take Jesus’ Yoke: Matthew 11:28 – 30
- Honor Your Parents: Matthew 15:4
- Don’t Despise Children: Matthew 18:10
- Go to Offenders: Matthew 18:15
- Honor Marriage: Matthew 19:4 – 6
- Be a Servant: Matthew 20:26 – 28
- Be a House of Prayer: Matthew 21:13
- Ask in Faith: Matthew 21:21 – 22
- Render to Caesar: Matthew 22:21
- Love God: Matthew 22:37 – 38
- Love Your Neighbor: Matthew 22:39
- Be Ready: Matthew 24:42 – 44
- Take, Eat and Drink: Matthew 26:26 – 28
- Make Disciples: Matthew 28:19 – 20
- Baptize: Matthew 28:19 – 20
- Teach What Jesus Taught: Matthew 28:19 – 20
- Deny Yourself: Luke 9:23 – 24
- Don’t be Greedy: Luke 12:15
- Be Born Again: John 3:5 – 7
- Keep Jesus’ Commandments: John 14:15
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Jesus’ Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
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Description |
NT Reference |
Prophetic Passage(s) Cited/Fulfilled |
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The virgin birth |
Isa 7:14 (LXX) |
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The Messiah originating from Bethlehem |
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The holy family escapes to Egypt |
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The massacre of the infants |
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The holy family settles in Nazareth |
No clear OT reference; possibly alluding to Isa 11:1, or to the OT concept of a Nazirite (e.g., Judg 13:5, 7; 16:17; 1 Sam 2) |
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John the Baptist as precursor to Jesus |
Combines elements of Mal 3:1; Isa 40:3; and Exod 23:20 |
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Jesus settles in Capernaum, in the territory of Zebulun and Naphtali |
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Jesus claims to fulfill the Law and the Prophets |
No specific OT referent |
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Jesus’ ministry of healing and exorcism |
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Jesus appeals to Isaianic prophecy as proof that he is the “one who is to come into the world” |
Matt 11:4–6; compare John 6:14 |
Likely based on Isa 29:18–19; 35:5–6; 61:1–2 |
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John the Baptist prepares the way for Jesus |
Based on Mal 3:1 |
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The secrecy of Jesus’ ministry |
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Jesus offers the sign of Jonah |
Jesus here refers to the story of Jonah more broadly rather than to a specific prophetic quote |
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The reason for Jesus’ parabolic teaching |
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More prophetic support for Jesus’ parabolic teaching |
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Jesus sitting on a donkey’s colt |
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“Blessed is he (or, the king) who comes in the name of the Lord” |
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The suffering death of the Son of Man at the hands of Gentiles, and the resurrection |
“the prophets” |
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The betrayal of the Son of Man |
No clear OT references |
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The desertion by the disciples |
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Jesus’ violent arrest |
“the scriptures of the prophets” |
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The chief priests use Judas’ abandoned blood money to purchase a field |
Matthew attributes the quote to Jeremiah (possibly thinking of both Jer 18:1–3 and 32:6–15), though the text is a paraphrase of Zech 11:13 |
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The mistreatment of the Son of Man |
No clear OT references Perhaps based partly on Ps 22:7 |
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The rejection of Jesus |
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Jesus presents himself as the fulfillment of Isaiah’s prophecies |
Combines elements of Isa 61:1–2; 58:6 |
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Jesus counted as one of the criminals |
Based on Isa 53:12 |
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The resurrected Jesus interprets scripture with reference to Himself |
No clear OT reference |
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“everything that is written about me … must be fulfilled” |
“the law of Moses and the prophet and psalms” |
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Jesus, the one about whom Moses and the prophets wrote |
No explicit OT reference |
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The cleansing of the temple |
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Moses wrote about Jesus |
No explicit OT reference |
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Jesus is the prophet like Moses |
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The Messiah is descended from David, and from Bethlehem |
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Authorities deny that scripture predicts a prophet from Galilee |
No explicit OT reference |
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The rejection of Jesus |
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Hatred of Jesus |
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Roman soldiers divide Jesus’ clothes and cast lots for his tunic |
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The Messiah must rise from the dead |
No explicit OT reference |
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Christ’s death took place according to God’s plan |
Here “plan” may allude to prophetic fulfillment, i.e., that God’s plan concerning Christ is discernible in the OT |
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Christ’s resurrection was spoken of by David |
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The Messiah’s resurrection |
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God, through the prophets, foretold the suffering of the Messiah |
Referring back to the proof-texts in Acts 2:23–31 |
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Gentile authorities stand against the Messiah |
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Philip teaches the Ethiopian eunuch that Isaianic prophecy refers to Jesus |
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The prophets testify to Jesus and forgiveness of sins through his name |
“the prophets” |
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Jesus the savior from the seed of David |
No specific OT reference |
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The death of the Messiah |
“the prophets and Moses” in Acts 26:22 |
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The Messiah’s resurrection and protection from corruption |
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The gospel promised beforehand in the scriptures |
“through his prophets” |
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The righteousness of God through faith in Christ is attested by the Law and the Prophets |
“the law and the prophets” |
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The Deliverer from Zion |
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“Christ did not please himself” |
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Christ became a servant of the Jews so that Gentiles would come to glorify God |
Ps 18:49; Deut 32:43 (LXX); Ps 117:1; Isa 11:10 (LXX) |
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“Christ died for our sins in accordance with the scriptures” |
No specific OT reference |
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Christ became a “life-giving spirit” as a natural development from the fleshly Adam |
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Christ became a curse |
See Gen 12:3; Deut 27:15–26; 28:15–68 |
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God’s Son was temporarily made “a little lower than the angels” |
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The Messiah’s death and resurrection |
“the prophets” |
Judges and Their Rule
|
Judge |
Oppressor |
Years of Oppression/Rest* |
Reference |
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Othniel |
Cushan-rishathaim, king of Mesopotamia (also called Aram Naharaim) |
8 years oppression/40 years rest |
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Ehud |
Eglon, king of Moab |
18 years oppression/80 years rest |
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Shamgar |
Philistines |
— |
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Deborah |
Jabin, king of Canaan |
20 years oppression/40 years rest |
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Gideon |
Midianites |
7 years oppression/ 40 years rest |
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Tola |
Abimelech |
3 years oppression/23 years rest |
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Jair |
— |
22 years rest |
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Jephthah |
Philistines, Ammonites |
18 years oppression/6 years rest |
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Ibzan |
— |
7 years rest |
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Elon |
— |
10 years rest |
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Abdon |
— |
8 years rest |
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Samson |
Philistines |
40 years oppression/20 years rest |
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Eli |
— |
40 years rest |
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Samuel |
— |
— |
*"Years rest” includes the entire amount of time that a judge served, though the phrase “and the land rested” only occurs with Othniel, Ehud, Deborah, and Gideon.
